Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a common property of both acids and bases?

• A. React with metals to produce hydrogen gas
• B. Taste sour
• C. Turn blue litmus paper red
• D. Conduct electricity when dissolved in water

Correct answer: d

Rationale: Both acids and bases conduct electricity when dissolved in water. The other choices are specific to either acids or bases.

2. The external body covering, providing protection and contributing to temperature regulation, is composed of:

• A. Muscle tissue
• B. Epithelial tissue (skin)
• C. Bone marrow
• D. Cartilage

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epithelial tissue (skin). The skin is the external body covering that provides protection against physical, chemical, and biological factors. It also plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature by controlling heat exchange with the environment through processes like sweating and blood vessel constriction or dilation. Muscle tissue (option A) is responsible for movement, bone marrow (option C) produces blood cells, and cartilage (option D) is a type of connective tissue found in joints. Therefore, epithelial tissue (skin) is the most suitable option as it directly addresses the functions of the external body covering.

3. A large geographic area characterized by similar climate, plants, and animals is called a:

• A. Population
• B. Community
• C. Biome
• D. Ecosystem

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area. B) Community refers to all the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular area. C) Biome is a large geographic area characterized by similar climate, plants, and animals. Biomes are defined by factors such as temperature, precipitation, and vegetation types. D) Ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment. An ecosystem can be part of a biome.

4. What is the role of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine?

• A. To store waste products
• B. To produce immune cells
• C. To secrete digestive enzymes
• D. To regulate blood sugar levels

Correct answer: B

Rationale: While the exact function of the appendix is still debated, it likely houses lymphoid tissue, contributing to the immune system.

5. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine. What enzyme breaks down proteins into amino acids?

• A. Pepsin
• B. Lipase
• C. Amylase
• D. Trypsin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Trypsin. Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and secreted into the small intestine where it plays a key role in breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. Pepsin is produced in the stomach and specifically acts on protein, not in the small intestine. Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats, not proteins. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates, not proteins. Therefore, Trypsin is the enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins into amino acids in the small intestine.

6. Which property of a substance refers to its ability to be stretched into thin wires without breaking?

• A. Conductivity
• B. Viscosity
• C. Ductility
• D. Malleability

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Ductility is the property that describes a substance's ability to be stretched into thin wires without breaking.

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