ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Final Exam
1. Where does the male produce sperm, and where are these glands located?
- A. penis; scrotum
- B. scrotum; penis
- C. testes; penis
- D. testes; scrotum
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The male produces sperm in the testes, which are two glands located in the scrotum. The scrotum is the external sac that houses and protects the testes, allowing for optimal temperature regulation to support sperm production. Choice A is incorrect because sperm production does not occur in the penis. Choice B is incorrect because the scrotum houses the testes, not the penis. Choice C is incorrect because sperm is produced in the testes, not the penis.
2. When the blastocyst burrows deep into the uterine lining, __________.
- A. implantation occurs
- B. pregnancy does not occur
- C. it stops growing
- D. the cells of the zygote first duplicate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When the blastocyst burrows deep into the uterine lining, this process is known as implantation. Implantation is a crucial step in the early stages of pregnancy where the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall in order to receive nourishment and continue developing. Choice B is incorrect because implantation is a necessary step for pregnancy to occur. Choice C is incorrect as implantation marks the beginning of further growth and development. Choice D is incorrect as the duplication of cells occurs during earlier stages of development, not during implantation.
3. The most rapid prenatal changes take place in the period of the __________.
- A. zygote
- B. blastocyst
- C. embryo
- D. fetus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: embryo. The most rapid prenatal changes occur during the embryo stage, which spans from approximately 2 to 8 weeks after conception. This period is crucial as major organs and systems of the body develop rapidly, laying the foundation for future growth and development. The zygote stage is the initial single-celled entity formed by the union of sperm and egg, while the blastocyst stage involves the cluster of cells resulting from the zygote dividing and growing. The fetus stage follows the embryo stage and focuses on refining and growing existing structures rather than rapid development. Therefore, the embryo stage is where the most significant and rapid changes take place in prenatal development.
4. By the end of Greta's first month of pregnancy, her embryo __________.
- A. can sense its world
- B. is about ¼ inch long
- C. can suck its thumb
- D. can curl its toes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: By the end of Greta's first month of pregnancy, her embryo is about ¼ inch long. During the first month of pregnancy, the embryo is in the very early stages of development, and its size is typically around ¼ inch as it continues to grow and develop in the uterus. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because sensory abilities like sensing the world, sucking thumb, and curling toes develop later in the pregnancy as the embryo progresses through different stages of development.
5. Lanugo ________.
- A. permits food and oxygen to reach the organism
- B. provides the fetus a cushion against jolts caused by the mother's movements
- C. helps regulate the fetus's body temperature
- D. helps the vernix stick to the skin
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Lanugo helps the vernix stick to the skin. Vernix is a waxy substance that covers the fetus's skin during pregnancy. Lanugo is a fine, downy hair that helps to anchor the vernix to the skin, providing protection and nourishment to the developing fetus. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the role of lanugo in prenatal development.
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