ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. A nurse is instructing teenage girls on the importance of adequate calcium intake throughout their life span to prevent complications. Which complication should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Goiter
- B. Osteoporosis
- C. Heart disease
- D. Dental caries
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake throughout life helps prevent osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, which is common in older adults. Goiter is caused by an iodine deficiency, not calcium. Heart disease is more related to factors like cholesterol and blood pressure. Dental caries are primarily influenced by oral hygiene and sugar intake, not just calcium.
2. A client states they are taking greater than the recommended daily allowance of vitamin E to prevent cataracts. Which complication should the nurse educate the client as related to taking excessive amounts of vitamin E?
- A. Lung cancer
- B. Stroke
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Liver damage
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stroke. High doses of vitamin E supplements have been associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke due to its blood-thinning properties. Option A, lung cancer, is not a known complication of excessive vitamin E intake. Option C, diarrhea, is more commonly associated with excessive intake of other vitamins or minerals. Option D, liver damage, is not a commonly reported complication of vitamin E overdose.
3. A nurse is providing MyPlate education to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which plate chosen by the client indicates the teaching was effective, according to the MyPlate guidelines?
- A. 1/2 of the plate is filled with carbohydrate foods, 1/4 filled with protein foods, and 1/4 filled with fruits and vegetables
- B. 1/2 of the plate is filled with protein foods, 1/4 filled with carbohydrates, and 1/4 filled with non-starchy vegetables
- C. 1/2 of the plate is filled with carbohydrates, 1/4 filled with protein foods, and 1/4 filled with non-starchy vegetables
- D. 1/2 of the plate is filled with non-starchy vegetables, 1/4 filled with protein foods, and 1/4 filled with carbohydrate foods
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This option reflects the MyPlate guidelines for managing diabetes effectively. In diabetes management, it is essential to focus on non-starchy vegetables, appropriate protein portions, and controlled carbohydrate intake. Option A places too much emphasis on carbohydrates, which may not be suitable for diabetes. Option B swaps the proportions of protein and carbohydrates, which is not in line with the recommended distribution. Option C places too much emphasis on carbohydrates and lacks the emphasis on non-starchy vegetables, making it less suitable for diabetes management.
4. The nurse is educating a client about foods high in antioxidants A and C. Which breakfast items chosen by the client would indicate that the education was sufficient?
- A. Fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast
- B. Oatmeal with blueberries and coffee
- C. Cereal with strawberries and low-fat milk
- D. Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice are high in antioxidants A and C.
5. A nurse provides discharge instructions to a client about the food items that interact with warfarin effectiveness. Which food item indicates that the teaching was effective?
- A. Cauliflower
- B. Zucchini
- C. Green beans
- D. Broccoli
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Cauliflower is high in vitamin K, which can interact with warfarin.