1. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place are called:

A. Bronchi
B. Trachea
C. Alveoli
D. Pleura

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Alveoli.' Alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place. Oxygen from the air is diffused into the blood, and carbon dioxide from the blood is diffused into the air in the alveoli. Bronchi (option A) are the large air passages that lead from the trachea into the lungs. Trachea (option B) is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi. Pleura (option D) is a thin membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity. Understanding these structures is essential for comprehending respiratory function and gas exchange in the human body.

2. What property of matter refers to the force of gravity acting on an object?

A. Mass
B. Weight
C. Density
D. Volume

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Weight is the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object. It is calculated as mass multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity.

3. Which vitamin is essential for proper absorption of calcium and plays a role in lung function?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for the proper absorption of calcium in the intestines, which is crucial for maintaining strong bones and teeth. Additionally, Vitamin D plays a role in lung function by supporting respiratory health and reducing inflammation in the lungs. Vitamin A is important for vision and immune function, Vitamin B12 is necessary for red blood cell formation and neurological function, and Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage.

4. What is the main component that gives bones their rigidity and hardness?

A. Collagen
B. Calcium phosphate
C. Cartilage
D. Ligaments

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main component that gives bones their rigidity and hardness is calcium phosphate, which is a mineral compound found in bone tissue. While collagen is a protein that provides flexibility and strength to bones, it is the calcium phosphate that primarily contributes to the hardness and rigidity of bones. Cartilage is a connective tissue that cushions joints and helps with movement, while ligaments are fibrous tissues that connect bones to other bones. Therefore, calcium phosphate is the correct answer as it directly relates to the rigid and hard nature of bones.

5. As a young manager, she knows that conflict occurs in any organization. Which of the

A. Can be destructive if the level is too high
B. Is not beneficial; hence it should be prevented at all times
C. May result in poor performance
D.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Conflict in an organization is a natural occurrence that can either be constructive or destructive. Option C is the correct answer because conflict may indeed lead to poor performance if not managed effectively. When conflict is left unresolved or unaddressed, it can create tension, decrease morale, and hinder productivity. By recognizing that conflict can impact performance, the young manager can take proactive steps to address and resolve conflicts in a constructive manner to minimize its negative effects and promote a healthy work environment.

6. What is the main function of estuaries?

A. Filtering pollutants from water
B. Providing habitat for marine life
C. Storing carbon dioxide
D. Generating wind power

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Estuaries are coastal areas where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean. They serve as important habitats for a variety of marine life, including fish, birds, and other wildlife. Estuaries provide shelter, breeding grounds, and food sources for many species, making them crucial for the overall health of marine ecosystems. While estuaries can help filter pollutants to some extent, their primary function is to support and sustain diverse populations of plants and animals. Storing carbon dioxide and generating wind power are not main functions of estuaries.