Nursing Elites

1. What is the main component of sweat?

• A. Urea
• B. Glucose
• C. Water
• D. Electrolytes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - Sweat is primarily composed of water, making up the majority of its content. Water helps regulate body temperature by evaporating from the skin's surface, which cools the body down. - While sweat does contain small amounts of other substances like urea, glucose, and electrolytes, water is the main component that is secreted by sweat glands to help regulate body temperature during physical activity or in response to heat.

2. The structural and functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood is the:

• A. Nephron
• B. Ureter
• C. Urethra
• D. Bladder

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Nephron. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood. It consists of the glomerulus, renal tubule, and collecting duct. The nephron's filtration process plays a crucial role in removing waste products, regulating electrolyte balance, and maintaining blood pressure. The other options, B: Ureter, C: Urethra, and D: Bladder, are not responsible for filtering blood. The ureter transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder, the urethra is responsible for urine excretion from the bladder, and the bladder stores urine before excretion. Therefore, the nephron is specifically designed for the filtration process within the kidney.

3. Which sentence uses the passive voice correctly?

• A. The letter was written by Mary.
• B. John built the house.
• C. She gave the flowers to him.
• D. They were eating dinner.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option a clearly identifies the object (letter) acted upon and the agent (Mary) performing the action in the passive voice.

4. In a covalent bond, the shared electrons:

• A. Are completely transferred to one atom.
• B. Spend more time closer to the more electronegative atom.
• C. Remain equidistant between the two atoms.
• D. Do not influence the bond strength.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Spend more time closer to the more electronegative atom. Electronegativity determines the "pull" on shared electrons, with the more electronegative atom attracting them for a larger portion of the time, creating a partial negative charge near its nucleus.

5. Distinguish between the digestive and respiratory systems.

• A. Mouth
• B. Stomach
• C. Small intestine
• D. Lungs

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: - The mouth, stomach, and small intestine are all parts of the digestive system, responsible for breaking down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body. - The lungs are part of the respiratory system, responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment through breathing. - While the digestive system processes food for energy and nutrients, the respiratory system is focused on the exchange of gases necessary for cellular respiration.

6. In the female reproductive system, what structure produces eggs (ova)?

• A. Fallopian tubes
• B. Ovaries
• C. Uterus
• D. Vagina

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ovaries. The ovaries are the primary reproductive organs in the female body responsible for producing eggs (ova) through a process called ovulation. The fallopian tubes serve as the passageway for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus for potential fertilization. The uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus during pregnancy. The vagina is the muscular canal that connects the uterus to the outside of the body and serves as the birth canal during childbirth. Therefore, the ovaries are specifically responsible for the production of eggs in the female reproductive system.

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