Nursing Elites

1. Which statement accurately describes the Linnaean system of classification?

• A. It focuses on evolutionary relationships between organisms
• B. It uses dichotomous keys for identification
• C. It groups organisms based on shared functions
• D. It emphasizes a hierarchical ranking system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: The Linnaean system of classification, developed by Carl Linnaeus, is based on a hierarchical ranking system where organisms are grouped into categories based on shared characteristics. This system organizes organisms into a hierarchy of increasingly specific categories, from broad to narrow, such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This hierarchical approach allows for the systematic organization and classification of a wide variety of organisms based on their similarities and differences.

2. Which element makes up the majority of the Earth's atmosphere?

• A. Nitrogen
• B. Oxygen
• C. Carbon dioxide
• D. Argon

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, crucial for plant life and maintaining the planet's temperature balance.

3. Tissues are groups of cells with similar:

• A. Appearance only
• B. Function and structure
• C. Location only
• D. Age only

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Function and structure.' Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function in the body. These cells have both similar functions, such as carrying out a specific task like contracting in muscle tissue, and similar structures, such as having similar shapes or types of organelles. This allows them to work together efficiently and effectively. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tissues are defined by more than just appearance, location, or age; they are primarily characterized by their shared function and structure.

4. Adipose tissue, also known as fat, serves multiple functions. Which of these is NOT a function of adipose tissue?

• A. Insulation
• B. Energy storage
• C. Hormone production
• D. Muscle movement

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Adipose tissue plays various essential roles in the body, including insulation to help regulate body temperature, energy storage by storing excess energy in the form of fat, and hormone production such as leptin and adiponectin. However, adipose tissue is not directly responsible for muscle movement. Muscles are primarily responsible for movement, while adipose tissue provides cushioning and support around organs. Therefore, option D, 'Muscle movement,' is the correct answer as it does not align with the functions of adipose tissue.

5. The element responsible for the yellow color of bananas is:

• A. Potassium
• B. Calcium
• C. Phosphorus
• D. Carotene

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Carotene is a type of carotenoid pigment found in fruits and vegetables, contributing to their yellow, orange, and red hues.

6. The stomach produces a strong acid to help break down food. What is the name of this acid?

• A. Hydrochloric acid
• B. Lactic acid
• C. Bile
• D. Fatty acid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrochloric acid. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to help break down food by lowering the pH level in the stomach, creating an acidic environment that aids in the digestion of proteins and other nutrients. Lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise and is not related to stomach digestion. Bile is produced by the liver and helps in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Fatty acids are a type of molecule that is a component of fats, not the acid produced by the stomach for digestion.

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