Nursing Elites

1. Acknowledge the organ devoted to blood filtration.

• A. Liver
• B. Kidneys
• C. Spleen
• D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The kidneys are the primary organs responsible for filtering blood and removing waste products, excess fluids, and toxins. They play a crucial role in maintaining the body's internal environment and regulating blood pressure.

2. A lab needs 200ml of a 5% salt solution. They only have a 10% solution. How much 10% solution and water should be mixed?

• A. 100ml 10% solution, 100ml water
• B. 150ml 10% solution, 50ml water
• C. 160ml 10% solution, 40ml water
• D. 200ml 10% solution, 0ml water

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Let x be the volume of the 10% solution needed and y be the volume of water needed. 2. The total volume of the final solution is 200ml, so x + y = 200. 3. The concentration of the final solution is 5%, so the amount of salt in the final solution is 0.05 * 200 = 10g. 4. The amount of salt in the 10% solution is 0.1x, and the amount of salt in the water is 0, so the total amount of salt in the final solution is 0.1x. 5. Since the total amount of salt in the final solution is 10g, we have 0.1x = 10. 6. Solving for x, we get x = 100ml. 7. Substituting x =

3. What is the name of the growth plates in children's bones where new bone tissue is formed?

• A. Epiphyses
• B. Diaphysis
• C. Periosteum
• D. Medullary cavity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epiphyses. Epiphyses are the growth plates located at the ends of children's long bones where new bone tissue is formed. These plates are responsible for longitudinal bone growth until they close during adolescence. The diaphysis (B) is the shaft or main portion of a long bone, while the periosteum (C) is the outer membrane covering the bone. The medullary cavity (D) is the central cavity of bone shafts where bone marrow is stored. Understanding the terminology for different parts of bones is essential for comprehending bone growth and development in children.

4. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing atherosclerosis?

• A. High blood pressure
• B. High levels of LDL cholesterol
• C. Regular physical activity
• D. Smoking

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Regular physical activity is NOT a risk factor for developing atherosclerosis. In fact, engaging in regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis by improving cardiovascular health, lowering blood pressure, and reducing LDL cholesterol levels. High blood pressure, high levels of LDL cholesterol, and smoking are all known risk factors for atherosclerosis. High blood pressure can damage blood vessels, making them more susceptible to plaque buildup. High levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to the accumulation of plaque in the arteries, narrowing the passageways and increasing the risk of atherosclerosis. Smoking is harmful to blood vessels, promoting inflammation and the formation of plaque. Therefore, regular physical activity is actually a protective factor against atherosclerosis rather than a risk factor.

5. Which type of mutation involves a change in the number of chromosomes?

• A. Point mutation
• B. Frameshift mutation
• C. Missense mutation
• D. Aneuploidy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Point mutation: Involves a change in a single nucleotide base pair within the DNA sequence. B) Frameshift mutation: Involves the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, causing a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code. C) Missense mutation: Involves a single nucleotide change that results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid. D) Aneuploidy: Involves a change in the number of chromosomes, where an individual may have an extra chromosome (trisomy) or a missing chromosome (monosomy). Aneuploidy can lead to genetic disorders such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21) or Turner syndrome (monosomy X).

6. She finds out that some managers have benevolent-authoritative style of management. Which

• A. Have condescending trust and confidence in their subordinates
• B. Gives economic or ego awards
• C. Communicates downward to the staff
• D. Allows decision making among subordinates

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the benevolent-authoritative style of management involves allowing decision-making among subordinates. This style combines a caring attitude towards employees with a level of authority and control. Managers who adopt this style often empower their subordinates to make decisions within a set framework, fostering a sense of autonomy and responsibility among the team. Options A, B, and C do not accurately describe the characteristics of a benevolent-authoritative management style, making them incorrect choices for this question.

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