Nursing Elites

1. A lab test result shows a blood glucose level of 5.5 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). What is the equivalent level in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)?

• A. 55 mg/dL
• B. 5.5 mg/dL
• C. 0.55 mg/dL
• D. 550 mg/dL

Correct answer: A

Rationale: This requires a double conversion: millimoles to milligrams and liters to deciliters. 1 millimole is equal to 180.15 milligrams, and 1 liter is equal to 10 deciliters. Multiply the glucose level (5.5 mmol/L) by the conversion factor for millimoles to milligrams (180.15 mg/mmol) and then divide by the conversion factor for liters to deciliters (10 dL/L): 5.5 mmol/L * 180.15 mg/mmol / 10 dL/L ≈ 55 mg/dL.

2. Half-life refers to the characteristic time it takes for:

• A. Radioactive intensity to completely disappear
• B. The number of neutrons in a nucleus to double
• C. The number of protons in a nucleus to change
• D. An isotope to decay by half of its initial quantity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: An isotope to decay by half of its initial quantity. The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for half of the initial quantity of radioactive atoms to decay. This is a characteristic property of each radioactive isotope and is used to determine the rate of decay of a substance. Option A is incorrect because radioactive intensity does not completely disappear in half-life, it only decreases by half. Options B and C are unrelated to the concept of half-life and do not accurately describe its definition.

3. Which word completes the sentence "He was ____ by the unexpected turn of events."

• A. elated (joyful)
• B. bewildered (confused)
• C. vindicated (justified)
• D. apathetic (uninterested)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: "Bewildered" best describes the confusion caused by the unexpected events.

4. What does the term "dilution" refer to in a solution?

• A. Adding more solvent to decrease concentration
• B. Adding more solute to increase concentration
• C. Reducing the temperature to increase solubility
• D. Increasing pressure to increase solubility

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Dilution involves adding more solvent to a solution to decrease the concentration of solute. The other choices do not accurately describe dilution

5. What is the unit of measurement for power?

• A. Joule (J)
• B. Newton (N)
• C. Watt (W)
• D. Kilogram-meter (kg·m)

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Power is measured in watts (W) in the SI unit system.

6. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. How does urine flow through the urethra?

• A. Continuously
• B. Only when the bladder is completely full
• C. Under voluntary control of sphincter muscles
• D. A combination of b) and c)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Under voluntary control of sphincter muscles." The urethra is the tube responsible for carrying urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Urine flow through the urethra is not continuous but rather under voluntary control. The sphincter muscles, located at the opening of the bladder and urethra, help control the release of urine. This control allows individuals to regulate when and where they empty their bladder, providing a mechanism to prevent involuntary leakage of urine. Therefore, option C accurately describes how urine flows through the urethra.

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