ATI TEAS 7
physics
1. What happens during a physical change in matter?
- A. A new substance with different properties is formed
- B. The chemical composition of the substance changes
- C. The original substance can be recovered by physical means
- D. Energy is either released or absorbed
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During a physical change in matter, the original substance undergoes a change in its physical state or appearance without any change in its chemical composition. This means that the original substance can be recovered by physical means, such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensing. No new substance is formed (option A), the chemical composition remains the same (option B), and energy changes can occur but are not a defining characteristic of a physical change (option D).
2. Which of the following guidelines should be least considered in formulating objectives for
- A. Written nursing care plan
- B. Holistic approach
- C. Prescribed standards
- D. Staff preferences
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When formulating objectives for a written nursing care plan, staff preferences should be least considered. Objectives should be based on patient needs, evidence-based practice, and professional standards rather than personal preferences of the staff. Prescribed standards ensure quality care and adherence to best practices. A holistic approach considers the whole patient, including physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects. Staff preferences may introduce bias and should not dictate patient care objectives.
3. What is the Pauli exclusion principle?
- A. The principle that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy.
- B. The principle that electrons cannot be in the same orbital with the same spin.
- C. The principle that the maximum number of electrons in an orbital is 2n^2, where n is the energy level of the orbital.
- D. The principle that the attractive force between an electron and the nucleus is inversely proportional to the distance between them.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. This means that electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins, which is why they cannot be in the same orbital with the same spin. Option A refers to the Aufbau principle, option C refers to the maximum number of electrons in an orbital based on the formula 2n^2, and option D refers to Coulomb's law, which describes the electrostatic force between charged particles.
4. What are the finger-like projections that increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine called?
- A. Crypts of Lieberkühn
- B. Goblet cells
- C. Villi
- D. Paneth cells
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: A) Crypts of Lieberkühn are small pits in the lining of the small intestine that contain cells involved in the production of intestinal juices, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption. B) Goblet cells are specialized cells that secrete mucus to protect the lining of the digestive tract, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption. C) Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption. Each villus contains blood vessels and lacteals (lymphatic vessels) that help absorb nutrients from digested food. D) Paneth cells are specialized cells found in the small intestine that secrete antimicrobial substances, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption.
5. What is the best way to punctuate the dialogue "Are you coming?" she asked. "Maybe," I replied.
- A. "Are you coming?" she asked? "Maybe," I replied.
- B. "Are you coming?" she asked. "Maybe," I replied.
- C. "Are you coming?" she asked, "Maybe," I replied.
- D. "Are you coming?" she asked, "Maybe," I replied.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Each speaker's words need quotation marks, and the question mark should go inside the closing quotation mark of the question.
6. What is the difference between the atomic number and the mass number of an atom?
- A. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, while the mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
- B. The atomic number is the number of electrons in an atom, while the mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
- C. The atomic number is the number of neutrons in the nucleus, while the mass number is the total number of protons and electrons in an atom.
- D. The atomic number is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, while the mass number is the total number of electrons in an atom.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The atomic number and the mass number are two fundamental properties of an atom. They provide important information about the identity and structure of an element.
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