1. Which hormone, produced by the adrenal glands, prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and mobilizing energy stores?

A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. Epinephrine
D. Insulin

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is the hormone produced by the adrenal glands that prepares the body for a 'fight or flight' response. It increases heart rate to pump more blood to muscles, dilates airways to improve oxygen intake, and mobilizes energy stores to provide immediate fuel for physical activity. Cortisol is a hormone involved in stress response and metabolism regulation, but it does not directly trigger the rapid physiological changes associated with 'fight or flight.' Aldosterone regulates salt and water balance, while insulin regulates blood sugar levels, neither of which are directly involved in preparing the body for a rapid response to danger or stress.

2. What is the difference between mass and weight?

A. Mass is the force exerted on an object due to gravity, whereas weight is the amount of matter in an object.
B. Mass is a measure of inertia, whereas weight is a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.
C. Mass is measured in pounds, whereas weight is measured in kilograms.
D. Mass is a vector quantity, whereas weight is a scalar quantity.

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity.

3. When proofreading your writing, focus on:

A. Changing the wording to sound more original.
B. Ignoring minor grammatical errors like typos.
C. Checking for clarity, consistency, and overall flow.
D. Replacing common words with thesaurus alternatives.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Proofreading involves correcting errors, refining sentence structure, and ensuring the writing achieves its purpose, clarity, and consistency.

4. Define "friction" in terms of opposing motion.

A. A force that increases motion
B. A force that accelerates motion
C. A force that opposes motion
D. A force that creates motion

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Friction acts opposite to the direction of motion, resisting or slowing down the movement of objects.

5. What is the formula to calculate work?

A. Work = Force Ã— Distance
B. Work = Mass Ã— Velocity
C. Work = Power Ã— Time
D. Work = Energy Ã· Time

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Work is calculated by multiplying force exerted on an object by the distance the object moves in the direction of the force.

6. A news article claims a scientist has discovered a cure for cancer. How should you approach this information?

A. Celebrate the breakthrough and immediately share the news with everyone.
B. Remain skeptical and wait for independent verification and further research.
C. Dismiss the claim as impossible without any further investigation.
D. Accept the information as fact because it was published in a news article.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. It's essential to wait for scientific consensus and verification before accepting such groundbreaking claims.