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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. Which element is a component of baking soda and is important for maintaining pH balance in the body?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate acts as a base and helps regulate pH in various biological systems

2. What is the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of a wave?

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Frequency and wavelength have an inverse relationship - as one increases, the other decreases.

3. What is the formula to calculate kinetic energy?

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Kinetic energy is calculated using the formula KE = ½ × mass × velocity².

4. What is the term for the inflammation of the airways in the lungs, often causing wheezing and difficulty breathing?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Asthma." Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the airways in the lungs, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Pneumonia (A) is an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Emphysema (B) is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs. Pleurisy (D) is inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. Therefore, asthma best fits the description provided in the question, making it the correct answer.

5. What is the name of the muscular ring that controls the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cardiac sphincter. The cardiac sphincter, also known as the lower esophageal sphincter, is the muscular ring located at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach. It controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach by opening and closing to prevent reflux of stomach contents back into the esophagus. The other options are incorrect: A) The pyloric sphincter is located at the junction between the stomach and the small intestine, controlling the passage of food from the stomach into the small intestine. C) The ileocecal valve is located between the small intestine and the large intestine. D) The Sphincter of Oddi is located in the duodenum and regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the small intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is B because it specifically relates to the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach.

6. Differentiate between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including all the genes and alleles it possesses. - Phenotype, on the other hand, refers to the observable physical characteristics or traits of an organism, which result from the interaction between its genotype and the environment. - While genotype represents the genetic potential or range of traits that an organism can express, phenotype reflects the actual expression of specific traits. - Therefore, option B correctly captures the distinction between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression.

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