ATI TEAS 7
Chemistry
1. What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
- A. 0
- B. 7
- C. 14
- D. -7
Correct answer:
Rationale: A neutral solution has a pH of 7. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.
2. What is the momentum of a car with a mass of 1500 kg moving at a speed of 20 m/s?
- A. 30,000 kg m/s
- B. 1500 kg m/s
- C. 20 kg m/s
- D. Momentum cannot be determined without knowing the direction of motion.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. Momentum = mass x velocity = 1500 kg x 20 m/s = 30,000 kg m/s.
3. What is the part of the nervous system responsible for the “fight-or-flight†response?
- A. Somatic nervous system
- B. Parasympathetic nervous system
- C. Sympathetic nervous system
- D. Enteric nervous system
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight-or-flight" response, which is the body's automatic response to perceived threat or danger. When activated, this system increases heart rate, dilates airways, and redirects blood flow to muscles to prepare the body for action. The somatic nervous system (A) controls voluntary movements, the parasympathetic nervous system (B) is responsible for the "rest and digest" response, and the enteric nervous system (D) regulates the digestive system. Therefore, the sympathetic nervous system is the specific part of the nervous system involved in the fight-or-flight response.
4. The network of vessels and ducts responsible for draining excess fluid and waste products from tissues is the:
- A. Circulatory system
- B. Digestive system
- C. Lymphatic system
- D. Respiratory system
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and ducts that play a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance in the body by draining excess fluid and waste products from tissues. Unlike the circulatory system (A), which primarily transports blood, the lymphatic system is specifically designed for this drainage function. The digestive system (B) is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, while the respiratory system (D) is involved in the exchange of gases. Therefore, the lymphatic system is the correct answer for this question as it is uniquely tasked with managing tissue fluid balance and waste removal.
5. A solution is considered saturated when...
- A. More solute can be dissolved
- B. The solvent starts to evaporate
- C. The solution becomes cloudy
- D. It reaches a specific temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The solvent starts to evaporate.' A solution is considered saturated when the solvent can no longer dissolve any more solute at a given temperature. When the solvent starts to evaporate, it means that the solution is becoming more concentrated and reaching its saturation point. This is a key indicator of a saturated solution. The other options do not accurately describe the concept of a saturated solution, making them incorrect choices.
6. The process by which two or more species reciprocally influence each other's evolution through selection pressures exerted on one another is called:
- A. Convergent evolution
- B. Divergent evolution
- C. Coevolution
- D. Coevolution
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: A) Convergent evolution refers to the process by which unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures. This does not involve reciprocal influence between species. B) Divergent evolution refers to the process by which two or more related species become more dissimilar over time due to different selection pressures. This also does not involve reciprocal influence between species. C) Coevolution is the process by which two or more species reciprocally influence each other's evolution through selection pressures exerted on one another. This can lead to a close ecological relationship between the species, such as in predator-prey interactions or mutualistic relationships. D) This option is a duplicate of option C.
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