1. Adipose tissue, commonly known as fat, primarily functions in:

A. Support
B. Insulation
C. Energy storage
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' Adipose tissue, or fat, serves multiple functions in the body. It provides support by cushioning and protecting organs, acts as an insulation layer to maintain body temperature, and serves as a crucial energy storage site where excess energy is stored in the form of triglycerides. Therefore, all of the options listed (support, insulation, and energy storage) are accurate functions of adipose tissue.

2. Identify the bone with the greatest length in the human body.

A. Femur (Thigh bone)
B. Humerus (Upper arm bone)
C. Tibia (Shin bone)
D. Scapula (Shoulder blade)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The femur, exceeding a meter in length, bears significant weight and enables locomotion.

3. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps the kidneys regulate:

A. Acid-base balance
B. Blood pressure
C. Urine output by controlling water reabsorption
D. All of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Urine output by controlling water reabsorption.' Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the pituitary gland and acts on the kidneys to regulate water reabsorption. When ADH levels are high, the kidneys reabsorb more water, leading to concentrated urine and decreased urine output. This helps maintain the body's water balance and prevent dehydration. While ADH indirectly influences blood pressure by regulating blood volume, its primary function is to control water balance, not acid-base balance. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

4. Antiparticles possess properties opposite to their corresponding particles. Which of the following is the antiparticle of a neutron?

A. Antineutrino
B. Positron
C. Antiproton
D. Electron

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antineutrino. Antiparticles possess properties that are opposite to their corresponding particles. A neutron is a neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. Its antiparticle, the antineutrino, has opposite properties, such as having no electric charge compared to the neutron's neutral charge. A positron (B) is the antiparticle of an electron, an antiproton (C) is the antiparticle of a proton, and an electron (D) is not an antiparticle. Therefore, the antiparticle of a neutron is the antineutrino.

5. What property of matter determines its resistance to changes in shape or size?

A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. Plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Liquids have a definite volume but can take the shape of their container, unlike solids with fixed shapes and volumes.

6. A guitar string vibrates at a fundamental frequency of 440 Hz. What is the frequency of the second harmonic (first overtone)?

A. 220 Hz
B. 440 Hz
C. 880 Hz
D. 1760 Hz

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Harmonics have frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency. The second harmonic has a frequency twice the fundamental, so it's 440 Hz * 2 = 880 Hz.