1. What is the difference between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron?

A. Sensory neurons carry signals away from the brain, while motor neurons carry signals towards the brain.
B. Sensory neurons control voluntary muscles, while motor neurons control involuntary muscles.
C. Sensory neurons are located in the peripheral nervous system, while motor neurons are located in the central nervous system.
D. Sensory neurons detect light, while motor neurons detect sound.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because sensory neurons are responsible for carrying signals from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), allowing us to perceive sensations such as touch, taste, smell, sight, and sound. On the other hand, motor neurons carry signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, enabling movement and responses. Therefore, sensory neurons carry signals away from the brain, while motor neurons carry signals towards the brain, making option A the most accurate choice among the options provided.

2. Which orbital can hold a maximum of 8 electrons?

A. s orbital
B. p orbital
C. d orbital
D. f orbital

Correct answer: C

Rationale: d orbital - Each d orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and there are 5 d orbitals, totaling 10 possible electrons.

3. The part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination is the:

A. Cerebellum
B. Cerebrum
C. Hypothalamus
D. Thalamus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cerebellum. The cerebellum is the part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination. It receives information from the sensory systems, spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to coordinate voluntary movements such as posture, balance, and speech. The cerebrum (option B) is responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking and decision-making. The hypothalamus (option C) is involved in regulating basic biological needs such as hunger and thirst. The thalamus (option D) acts as a relay station for sensory information. Therefore, the cerebellum is the specific part of the brain that plays a crucial role in maintaining balance and coordination.

4. If 3 nurses can care for 15 patients, how many nurses are needed for 25 patients?

A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7

Correct answer: B

Rationale: 3 nurses / 15 patients = x nurses / 25 patients. Solve for x.

5. A 10 kg box rests on a frictionless surface. A horizontal force of 20 N is applied to the box. What is the box's acceleration?

A. 0.5 m/sÃ‚Â²
B. 1 m/sÃ‚Â²
C. 2 m/sÃ‚Â²
D. 10 m/sÃ‚Â²

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Use Newton's second law, F = ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. Since there is no friction, the net force equals the applied force (20 N). Therefore, a = F/m = 20 N / 10 kg Ã¢â€°Ë† 2 m/sÃ‚Â².

6. Which organelle is responsible for breaking down macromolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, into their smaller building blocks?

A. Golgi apparatus
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosomes
D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, into their smaller building blocks. These enzymes help in the process of intracellular digestion and recycling of cellular components. The Golgi apparatus is involved in processing and packaging proteins for secretion or for use within the cell. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.