Nursing Elites

1. Which hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, stimulates the production of milk in mammary glands during breastfeeding?

• A. Growth hormone (GH)
• B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• C. Prolactin
• D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of milk in the mammary glands during breastfeeding. It plays a crucial role in lactation by promoting the growth and development of the mammary glands and initiating the production of milk. Growth hormone (GH) regulates growth and metabolism, not milk production. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the thyroid gland, not mammary glands. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is involved in reproductive processes, not milk production. Therefore, prolactin is the hormone directly responsible for stimulating milk production during breastfeeding.

2. What happens to the wavelength of a wave when its frequency increases while the speed remains constant?

• A. Wavelength increases
• B. Wavelength decreases
• C. Wavelength remains the same
• D. Wavelength becomes zero

Correct answer: b

Rationale: When the frequency of a wave increases while the speed remains constant, the wavelength decreases.

3. What is the protective fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord?

• A. Blood
• B. Cerebrospinal fluid
• C. Myelin sheath
• D. Insulin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid acts as a cushion for the brain and spinal cord, providing protection from impacts. Blood is essential for transporting nutrients and oxygen, but it does not directly surround or protect these vital nervous system structures. Myelin sheath is a fatty substance that insulates nerve fibers, not the fluid surrounding the nervous system. Insulin is a hormone involved in regulating blood sugar levels and is not related to protecting the brain and spinal cord.

4. The following are basic steps in the controlling process of the department. Which of the

• A. Measure actual performance
• B. Set nursing standards and criteria
• C. Compare results of performance to standards and objectives
• D. Identify possible courses of action

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Measure actual performance.' In the controlling process of a department, measuring actual performance is a crucial step to assess how well the department is performing compared to set standards and objectives. By measuring actual performance, managers can identify any deviations from the established criteria and take necessary corrective actions. Setting nursing standards and criteria (option B) is typically done before the controlling process begins, to provide a benchmark for measuring performance. Comparing results of performance to standards and objectives (option C) is done after measuring actual performance. Identifying possible courses of action (option D) is part of the corrective action phase that follows measuring actual performance. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate step in the controlling process of a department.

5. Which word choice best fits the blank: "Her research paper was riddled with _____ errors."

• A. flagrant (obvious and inexcusable)
• B. cursory (superficial)
• C. innocuous (harmless)
• D. meticulous (carefully detailed)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A "flagrant," emphasizes the severity and noticeable nature of the errors.

6. Which of the following can weaken the immune system and increase susceptibility to infections?

• A. Regular exercise
• B. Balanced diet
• C. Chronic stress
• D. Adequate sleep

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Chronic stress can weaken the immune system by increasing the production of stress hormones like cortisol, which can suppress immune function over time. Prolonged stress can also lead to inflammation, making the body more vulnerable to infections. It is important to manage stress levels through relaxation techniques, exercise, and seeking support to maintain a healthy immune system.

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