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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Anatomy

1. The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from digested food material. What waste product remains after water absorption and is eventually eliminated from the body?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from digested food material. As the waste material moves through the large intestine, most of the water is absorbed, leaving behind waste products known as feces. Feces consist of indigestible material, bacteria, and some remaining waste products. This waste is eventually eliminated from the body through the process of defecation. Chyme refers to the semi-fluid mass of partially digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine. Bolus is a term used to describe a mass of chewed food ready to be swallowed. Glucose is a simple sugar that is absorbed in the small intestine and used as an energy source. Therefore, the correct answer is D: Feces.

2. The formula for body mass index (BMI) is BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)^2. If a patient's BMI is 25 and their height is 1.7m, what is their weight?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: 56kg: Rearrange the formula to solve for weight: weight = BMI * height^2.

3. What does the term "solute" refer to in a solution?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The solute is the substance that dissolves in the solvent to form a solution. The other choices do not accurately describe the solute.

4. A medication dosage is listed as 1/4 gram. What is the equivalent dosage in milligrams (1 gram = 1000 milligrams)?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Multiply the gram dosage (1/4) by the conversion factor (1000mg/gram) to get 250 milligrams.

5. What is the name of the sheath of connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epimysium. The epimysium is the outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle. It provides protection and support to the muscle fibers within, as well as helps in transmitting forces generated by the muscle. Perimysium (B) is the connective tissue that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles, while endomysium (C) is the connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers. Myofibril (D) is a structure within muscle fibers that contains the contractile units responsible for muscle contraction. Therefore, in this context, the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is specifically referred to as the epimysium.

6. A patient's temperature is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. What is their temperature in degrees Celsius (1°F = 5/9°C)?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Subtract 32 from the Fahrenheit temperature (98.6°F) and then multiply by 5/9 to get 37°C.

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