Nursing Elites

1. What happens when an atom loses an electron?

• A. It becomes a molecule.
• B. It gains a positive charge and becomes an ion.
• C. It changes its element identity.
• D. Nothing happens, it remains neutral.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: It gains a positive charge and becomes an ion. Losing an electron disrupts the charge balance, leaving the atom with more protons than electrons and a positive charge.

2. What is the principle behind the phenomenon of refraction, where waves bend when entering a new medium?

• A. Change in wavelength
• B. Change in frequency
• C. Change in wave speed
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Refraction occurs because of the change in wave speed as it enters a new medium, causing the wavefront to bend and change direction.

3. What property of a substance remains constant regardless of changes in gravity?

• A. Mass
• B. Weight
• C. Volume
• D. Density

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and remains constant regardless of changes in gravity. Weight, on the other hand, is a measure of the gravitational force acting on an object and varies with changes in gravity. Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object and can change with changes in gravity. Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume and can also change with changes in gravity if the volume changes.

4. Which of the following is NOT a method for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)?

• A. Handwashing with soap and water
• B. Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
• C. Reusing sterile medical devices
• D. Reusing sterile medical devices

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: Reusing sterile medical devices is not a method for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). In fact, reusing sterile medical devices can increase the risk of infections due to inadequate sterilization or potential damage to the devices during the reprocessing process. Proper sterilization and disposal of single-use medical devices are essential in preventing the transmission of infections in healthcare settings. A) Handwashing with soap and water is a crucial method for preventing HAIs as it helps to remove and reduce the number of pathogens on the hands of healthcare workers, preventing the spread of infections. B) Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection is important in preventing the transmission of infections between patients and healthcare workers. C) Reusing sterile medical devices is not a recommended practice as it can lead to the transmission of infections if the devices are not adequately ster

5. What type of joint allows for the most movement?

• A. Ball-and-socket joint (shoulder)
• B. Hinge joint (elbow)
• C. Fibrocartilaginous joint (wrists)
• D. Suture joint (skull)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A ball-and-socket joint allows for the most movement among the options provided. This type of joint is characterized by a rounded end of one bone fitting into a cup-like socket of another bone, allowing for a wide range of motion in multiple directions. The shoulder joint is a prime example of a ball-and-socket joint, enabling movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. In contrast, a hinge joint (option B) like the elbow primarily allows for movement in one plane (flexion and extension). Fibrocartilaginous joints (option C) like the wrists have limited movement due to the presence of cartilage between the bones. Suture joints (option D) in the skull are immovable joints that provide structural support but do not allow for significant movement.

6. The energy released during a chemical reaction is called:

• A. Kinetic energy
• B. Potential energy
• C. Heat energy
• D. Exothermic energy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Exothermic means "outward heat," indicating energy is released during the reaction.

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